myetutorstheem

Showing posts with label Class XI. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Class XI. Show all posts

Friday, 20 March 2015

Wednesday, 18 March 2015

exceptional oxidation states

For few compounds the oxidation states are not calculated in conventional method
Example I:










The oxidation state is incorrect
The correct oxidation state is




















Example II:
 






The correct oxidation state is 













Example III:
 




























Example IV:














Sunday, 15 March 2015

Tuesday, 24 February 2015

Salt hydrolysis

When a salt is hydrolyzed,the acid and base are formed as products. The type of product formed characterize the salt 
Lets consider hydrolysis of ammonium acetate the products formed are acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide. Both the products are weak thus ammonium acetate is termed as salt of weak acid and weak base.
The hydrolysis reaction may be represented as
As salt on hydrolysis had formed acid and base they can react with each other but as dissociation of both acid and based formed are different so the pH of the solution would not be neutral so for calculation pH following formula are used 

Lets try to understand the application of these formulas using a problem:






















Friday, 3 October 2014

Rotational Motion (Some important aspects)



 Moment of Inertia
Moment of Inertia of the particle (I) =  

BODY
AXIS
MOMENT OF INERTIA

Circular ring with radius (R) 

Through center and perpendicular to the plane of ring







Thin cylinder of radius R

Axis of cylinder
Thins circular disc of inner radius R1 and outer radius R2

Through center and perpendicular to the plane of disc





Hollow cylinder of inner radius R1 and outer radius R2

Axis of cylinder
Thin circular disc of radius R

Through center and perpendicular to the plane of disc



Solid cylinder of radius R

Axis of cylinder
Spherical shell

Diameter

Hollow cylinder of inner radius R1 and outer radius R2

Diameter

Solid Sphere
Diameter


Thin rod of length (l)

Through mid point and perpendicular to length

Rectangular sheet of length I and breadth b.

Through center perpendicular to the plane of
Circular solid cylinder of radius R and length 1

Through mid point perpendicular to the axis

Thursday, 2 October 2014

Classification of Algae


Characters
Chlorophyceae
Phaeophyceae
Rhodophyceae

Habitat
Aquatic, fresh Water, marine, moist terrestrial

Marine but few fresh water
Marine, but few
fresh water
Pigment
Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll- b, beta carotene, xanthopyll
Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll- c, carotenoids. Fucoxanthin

r-phycoerythrin, phycocyanin
Reserve food
Starch
Mannitol, Lipid and laminarin
Floridean starch and fluoridoside

Structure
Unicellular, colonial, filamentous
Multi-cellular
Unicellular to multi-cellular filamentous
Flagella
Equal flagella
Unequal flagella
Absent
Reproduction
Asexual, vegetative by spores Sexual reproduction - isogatmy, anisogamy, oogamy
Asexual reproduction by motile and non motile spores; Sexual reproduction isogamy, anisogamy. Oogamy

Asexual reproduction by spores, sexual reproduction by specialized sex organs

Examples
Spirogyra, Chalmydomonas,
Hydrodictyon
Sargassum
Batrachospermum



Characters
Bacillariophyceae
Cyanophyceae

Habitat
Aquatic and moist terrestrial

Freshwater
Pigment
Chlorophyll-a, Chlorophyll- c, carotenoids. fucoxanthin

r-phycoerythrin,     c-phycocyanin
Reserve food
Oils and leucosin
Cyanophycean starch

Structure
Unicellular
Unicellular, colonial, filamentous

Flagella
Absent
Absent

Reproduction
Asexual reproduction by binary fission
Asexual by binary fission, fragmentation

Examples
Cyclotella
Nostoc, Anabaena