Velocity-Time
graph of various types of motion of a body:
In
velocity –time graphs the interpretation is based on acceleration of the object.
It is because acceleration is defined as
Case-1:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: In the graph the line OA is a straight line and is parallel to time
axis. So object is moving with constant velocity.So
change in velocity is “Zero”
Interpretation:
The slope of this graph (representing the instantaneous acceleration) is zero,
i.e., acceleration is zero.
Case-2:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: The velocity-time graph is an oblique Straight line, passing through
origin. So the body is moving with a constant acceleration and its initial
velocity is zero,
Interpretation: Slope of graph represents
acceleration, which is positive. Thus greater will be the slope of straight
line OA, greater will be the instantaneous acceleration.
Case-3:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: When
a body is moving with a constant acceleration and its initial velocity is not
zero, the velocity- time graph is an oblique straight line AB not passing
through origin. So body is moving with a constant acceleration and its initial
velocity is not zero.
Interpretation:
OA represents the initial velocity of the body
and the area enclosed by the velocity-time graph with time axis represents the
distance traveled by the body in a given time.
Case-4:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: In the velocity- time graph is an oblique straight line AB, not passing
through origin. Shows that a body is moving with a constant retardation and its
initial velocity is not zero.
Interpretation:
Case-5:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: The velocity- time graph is a curve with bend upwards. Which means the body
is moving with increasing acceleration.
Interpretation:
The slope of velocity-time graph (i.e. instantaneous acceleration) increases
with time, i.e., acceleration is increasing with time.
Case-6:
The graph is as given below:
Understanding
Graph: The
velocity- time graph is a curve with bend downwards. Which means the body is
moving with negative acceleration.
Interpretation:
The slope of velocity-time graph (i.e. instantaneous acceleration) decreases
with time, i.e., acceleration is negative.
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